While I haven’t done research, I can provide a counter example from my personal life. In Houston we have hurricanes and risk of being without power for days or weeks at a time. I recently moved here and looked at my options: a natural gas generator or solar panels with battery backup. Now for the economics. The gas generator (plugged into the gas line) is more reliable, has more power and costs around $20k to buy and have it installed. Solar? It was over $100k and would not power the entire house. That includes government subsidies. Until the economics change, renewables will be slow to progress. Who wants to pay 5 times more for something less reliable?